Nhanganyaya PCIe 6.0

Sangano rePCI-SIG razivisa kuburitswa kwepamutemo kwePCIe 6.0 specification standard v1.0, richizivisa kuti rapera.

Zvichienderera mberi netsika iyi, kumhanya kwebandwidth kunoramba kuchikwira kaviri, kusvika ku128GB/s (unidirectional) pa x16, uye sezvo tekinoroji yePCIe ichibvumira kuyerera kwedata rakazara-duplex bidirectional, huwandu hwese hwe two-way throughput i256GB/s. Zvichienderana nehurongwa uhwu, pachava nemienzaniso yekutengeserana mwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika gumi nemisere mushure mekuburitswa kwe standard, iyo iri muna 2023, inofanira kutanga yatanga pa server platform. PCIe 6.0 ichasvika pakupera kwegore nekukurumidza, ne bandwidth ye256GB/s.

Kudzokera kune tekinoroji pachayo, PCIe 6.0 inoonekwa seshanduko huru munhoroondo yePCIe yemakore angangoita makumi maviri. Kutaura chokwadi, PCIe 4.0/5.0 ishanduko diki ye3.0, senge 128b/130b encoding zvichibva paNRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero).

PCIe 6.0 yakachinjwa kuita PAM4 pulse AM signaling, 1B-1B coding, chiratidzo chimwe chete chinogona kuva ne encoding ina (00/01/10/11), zvakapetwa kaviri kupfuura yekare, zvichibvumira kusvika ku30GHz frequency. Zvisinei, nekuti PAM4 signal haina kusimba kupfuura NRZ, ine FEC forward error correction mechanism yekugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvechiratidzo mu link uye kuona kuti data rakavimbika.

Pamusoro pePAM4 neFEC, tekinoroji huru yekupedzisira muPCIe 6.0 ndeyekushandisa FLIT (Flow Control Unit) encoding padanho rekunzwisisa. Kutaura zvazviri, PAM4, FLIT haisi tekinoroji itsva, mu200G+ ultra-high-speed Ethernet yagara ichishandiswa, izvo PAM4 yakatadza kukurudzira zvakanyanya chikonzero ndechekuti mutengo we physical layer wakakwira zvakanyanya.

Pamusoro pezvo, PCIe 6.0 inoramba ichienderana neyakare.

PCIe 6.0 inoramba ichipeta kaviri bandwidth yeI/O kusvika ku64GT/s zvichienderana netsika, iyo inoshandiswa kune bandwidth chaiyo yePCIe 6.0X1 unidirectional ye8GB/s, bandwidth yePCIe 6.0×16 unidirectional ye128GB/s, uye bandwidth yepcie 6.0×16 bidirectional ye256GB/s. PCIe 4.0 x4 SSDS, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nhasi, inongoda PCIe 6.0 x1 chete kuti izviite.

PCIe 6.0 icharamba ichishandisa 128b/130b encoding yakatangwa munguva yePCIe 3.0. Kuwedzera kune CRC yekutanga, zvinonakidza kuziva kuti protocol itsva yechiteshi inotsigirawo PAM-4 encoding inoshandiswa muEthernet neGDDR6x, ichitsiva PCIe 5.0 NRZ. Ruzivo rwakawanda runogona kurongedzwa muchiteshi chimwe chete munguva imwecheteyo, pamwe ne low-latency data error correction mechanism inozivikanwa se forward error correction (FEC) kuti kuwedzera bandwidth kuve nyore uye kwakavimbika.

Vanhu vazhinji vangabvunza kuti, PCIe 3.0 bandwidth haiwanzo shandiswa, PCIe 6.0 inobatsira chii? Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwezvishandiso zvinoda data, kusanganisira artificial intelligence, IO channels dzine fast transmission rates dziri kuwedzera kudiwa kwevatengi mumusika wehunyanzvi, uye bandwidth yakakwira yePCIe 6.0 tekinoroji inogona kuvhura zvizere mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvinoda high IO bandwidth zvinosanganisira accelerators, machine learning uye HPC applications. PCI-SIG inotarisirawo kubatsirwa neindasitiri yemotokari iri kukura, inova nzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa nesemiconductors, uye PCI-Special Interest Group yakaumba boka idzva rePCIe Technology kuti ritarise maitiro ekuwedzera kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yePCIe muindasitiri yemotokari, sezvo kudiwa kwakawanda kwebandwidth ye ecosystem kuri pachena. Zvisinei, sezvo microprocessor, GPU, IO device uye data storage zvichigona kubatanidzwa kune data channel, PC kuti vawane rutsigiro rwePCIe 6.0 interface, vagadziri vemamaboard vanofanirwa kungwarira zvakanyanya kuronga tambo inogona kubata masaini ekumhanya kwepamusoro, uye vagadziri vechipset vanofanirwawo kuita gadziriro dzakakodzera. Mutauriri weIntel akaramba kutaura kuti rutsigiro rwePCIe 6.0 ruchawedzerwa riini kumidziyo, asi akasimbisa kuti Alder Lake neSapphire Rapids nePonte Vecchio zvevatengi zvichatsigira PCIe 5.0. NVIDIA yakarambawo kutaura kuti PCIe 6.0 ichaunzwa riini. Zvisinei, BlueField-3 Dpus yenzvimbo dzedata inototsigira PCIe 5.0; Iyo PCIe Spec inongotaura mabasa, mashandiro, uye maparamita anofanirwa kuiswa pachikamu chemuviri, asi haitsanangure kuti izvi zvingaitwa sei. Nemamwe mashoko, vagadziri vanogona kugadzira chimiro chechikamu chemuviri chePCIe zvichienderana nezvavanoda uye mamiriro chaiwo ekuona kuti zvinoshanda sei! Vagadziri vetambo vanogona kutamba nzvimbo yakawanda!