Universal Serial Bus (USB) ingangove imwe yenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Yakatangwa neIntel neMicrosoft uye ine simba rekuisa uye kutamba sezvinobvira. Kubva pakatangwa USB interface muna 1994, mushure memakore makumi maviri nematanhatu ekugadzirwa, kuburikidza neUSB 1.0/1.1, USB2.0, USB 3.x, yakazopedzisira yagadzirwa kusvika pari zvino USB4; Mwero wekutumirwa wakawedzerawo kubva pa1.5Mbps kusvika pa40Gbps yazvino. Parizvino, kwete mafoni matsva chete anotsigira Type-C interface, asiwo makombiyuta enotebook, makamera edhijitari, masipika akangwara, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvefoni nezvimwe zvishandiso zvakatanga kushandisa TYPE-C specification USB interface, iyo yakaunzwa zvinobudirira mumunda wemotokari. Panzvimbo peUSB-A, Tesla's new Model 3 ine usB-C ports, uye Apple yakashandura zvachose macBooks ayo neAirPods Pro kuita ma USB Type-C ports ekutamisa data nekuchaja. Pamusoro pezvo, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neEU, apple ichashandisawo USB type-c interface mune ramangwana re iPhone15, uye hapana mubvunzo kuti USB4 ndiyo ichave iyo huru chigadzirwa interface mumusika wemangwana.
Zvinodiwa patambo dzeUSB4
Shanduko huru muUSB4 itsva ndeyekuiswa kweThunderbolt protocol specification iyo Intel yakagovana neusb-if. Ichishanda pamusoro pemalink maviri, bandwidth inopetwa kaviri kusvika ku40Gbps, uye Tunneling inotsigira data yakawanda uye display protocols. Mienzaniso inosanganisira PCI Express neDisplayPort. Pamusoro pezvo, USB4 inoramba ichishanda zvakanaka nekuiswa kweprotocol itsva iri pasi, ichienderana neUSB3.2/3.1/3.0/2.0, pamwe neThunderbolt 3. Nekuda kweizvozvo, USB4 yave standard yeUSB yakaoma zvakanyanya kusvika pari zvino, ichida kuti vagadziri vanzwisise USB4, USB3.2, USB2.0, USB Type-C uye USB Power Delivery specifications. Pamusoro pezvo, vagadziri vanofanirwa kunzwisisa specifications dzePCI Express neDisplayPort, pamwe chete netekinoroji yeHIGH-DEFINITION content protection (HDCP) inoenderana neUSB4 DisplayPort mode, uye tambo nema connectors atinoziva ane zvinodiwa zvepamusoro kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvemagetsi zvezvigadzirwa zveUSB4 cable finished.
Shanduro ye USB4 ye coaxial yakabuda pasina chikonzero
Munguva yeUSB3.1 10G, vagadziri vazhinji vakashandisa chimiro checoaxial kuti chienderane nezvinodiwa zve high frequency performance. Coaxial version haina kushandiswa mu USB series kare, mamiriro ayo ekushandiswa anonyanya kuva Notebook, nharembozha, GPS, chimbo chekuyera, Bluetooth technology, nezvimwewo. Kushandiswa kwakajairika kwetambo kunosanganisira medical coaxial line, teflon coaxial electronic line, radio frequency coaxial wire, nezvimwewo, nezvinodiwa zvekutonga mutengo wemusika, munguva yeUSB3.1 yekusunga kuti chigadzirwa chishande nekukurumidza, asi ne USB4 market ye high-frequency transmission requirements yakanyanya kuoma, uye high-speed transmission requirements waya ine simba rakasimba rekudzivirira kukanganiswa uye kugadzikana kwemagetsi. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwe high frequency transmission, USB4 yazvino ichiri iyo huru coaxial version, coaxial production uye manufacturing process iprocess yakaoma, kugadzirisa high frequency uye high speed application inoda michina yakakodzera yekugadzira uye yakakura uye yakagadzikana production process. Mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, ma process parameters uye kudzora maitiro, ma parameter emagetsi ebvunzo dze laboratory dzakanyanya kuita basa guru, mumatambudziko ese ekugadzirwa kwe coaxial structure, kuwedzera kune mamwe (mutengo wezvinhu, mutengo wekugadzirisa unodhura) akanaka, asi budiriro yemusika inogara ichitenderera pakuita kuti uwane mutengo wakanyanya, Pair of twist version yagara iri mugedhi rekutsvagisa nekuvandudza coaxial development.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pachimiro chemutsetse wecoaxial, kubva mukati kusvika kunze, zvichiteerana: central conductor, insulating layer, outer conductive layer (mesh metal), wire skin. Coaxial cable imhando ye conductors mbiri. Waya yepakati ye coaxial cable inoshandiswa kutumira masaini. Metal shielding net inoita mabasa maviri: rimwe nderekupa current loop yesignal se common ground, uye rimwe nderekudzivisa kupindira kwe electromagnetic noise kune signal se shielding net. Waya yepakati ne shielding network pakati pe semi-foaming polypropylene insulation layer, insulation layer inosarudza transmission hunhu hwe cable, uye inodzivirira zvinobudirira waya yepakati, inodhura ine chikonzero chinodhura.
Shanduro ye USB4 twisted pair iri kuuya here?
Sezvo macircuit emagetsi achishanda pamafrequencies akakwira, hunhu hwemagetsi hwezvikamu zvemagetsi hunova hwakaoma kunzwisisa. Kana saizi yechikamu kana saizi yese yedunhu zvichienzaniswa newavelength yefrequency yekushandisa yakakura kupfuura imwe, kukosha kwesimba remuchina weinductance, kana zvikamu zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yezvinhu zvematerial nezvimwewo, kunyangwe pataishandisa framework yewaya, kuyedzwa kwema frequency parameter hakugone kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi, uye kunochinjika kupfuura coaxial version yechivakwa uye dhayamita yaro iri kure. Sei ndisingakwanise kushandisa pair USB muma batches? Kazhinji, kana frequency yekushandiswa kwetambo yakakwira, wavelength yesignal ipfupi, uye skew pitch idiki, zvinoita kuti balance effect ive nani. Zvisinei, splicing pitch diki kwazvo inounza kushanda kwakaderera uye kupwanyika kweinsulated core wire. Pitch ye line pair idiki kwazvo, huwandu hwe torsion hwakawanda, uye torsion stress pachikamu chakanyanya kusimba, zvichikonzera deformation yakakura uye kukuvara kwe insulation layer, uye pakupedzisira zvichikonzera kukanganiswa kwe electromagnetic field, zvichikanganisa mamwe ma electrical indicators akadai seSRL value uye attenuation. Kana paine kupindirana kwekudzivirira kupisa, daro riri pakati pemakondirakita rinochinja nguva nenguva nekuda kwekuchinja-chinja uye kutenderera kwemutsetse mumwe chete wekudzivirira kupisa, izvo zvinounza kuchinja-chinja kweimpedance nguva nenguva. Nguva yekuchinja-chinja yakareba. Mukutumirwa kwema frequency akawanda, kuchinja uku kunononoka kunogona kuonekwa nema electromagnetic waves uye kukanganisa kukosha kwekurasikirwa nekudzoka. Shanduro ye USB4 pair haigone kushandiswa muma batches.
Kwete pasi, asi handidi kushandisa death coaxial yako, saka vanhu vakatanga kuongorora musiyano USB4 shielding nzira dzekuita chigadzirwa, kuti kumonyorora drawback huru iri nyore kumonyoroka kondakita, uye musiyano ne parallel packet zvakananga pabasa rechikoro, dzivisa kondakita kutsemuka, sezvatinoziva tese, parizvino INOSHANDISA musiyano weSAS, SFP + nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa mu high speed line, Zvakakwana kuratidza kuti mashandiro ayo anofanira kunge akakwirira kupfuura stranded version, basa rakakosha re high frequency data line nderekutumira data signals, asi patinoishandisa pamativi ese anogona kuoneka marudzi ese eruzivo rwekukanganiswa kwakashata. Ngatifungei kana aya ma interference signals achipinda mukati me data line uye akaisa pane yekutanga transmission signal, zvinokwanisika here kupindira kana kuchinja original transmission signal, nokudaro zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kana matambudziko anobatsira? Uye musiyano werukoko rwealuminium foil ndewekutumira ruzivo kwatiri kuti tiite basa rekudzivirira nekudzivirira, rinoshandiswa kuderedza kupindira kwezviratidzo zvekunze zvakazvimiririra zvekutumira, chinhu chikuru chebhandi repakeji uye kudhonza kwealuminium foil kushandisa sealing yealuminium foil, coating ine mativi maviri kana maviri papurasitiki, lu: su composite foil inoshandiswa senhoo yetambo. Cable foil inoda mafuta mashoma pamusoro, hapana maburi uye hunhu hwepamusoro hwemakanika. Maitiro ekuputira ndekuunganidza waya mbiri dzakaputirwa newaya dzakakuyiwa pamwe chete kuburikidza nemuchina wekuputira. Panguva imwe chete, rukoko rwealuminium foil nerukoko rwepolyester tepi yekuzvinamira pachingwa chekunze zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira waya uye kudzikamisa chimiro chewaya dzepakati dzekuputira. Maitiro aya ane mhedzisiro yakakosha kune waya, kusanganisira impedance, kunonoka kusiyana, attenuation, nekuti izvi zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa zvakanyanya nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, kuita bvunzo kune pfuma yemagetsi, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti wrap core wire inoenderana nezvinodiwa. Ehe, havasi vese data line vane maviri maviri ekudzivirira. Mamwe ane akawanda layers, mamwe ane rimwe chete layers, kana kuti hapana zvachose. Kudzivirira imhando yesimbi inopatsanurwa pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzenzvimbo kuti idzore kupinza uye kupenya kwemafungu emagetsi, magineti uye magineti kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe. Kuti zvive pachena, core yemuchina wekufambisa yakakomberedzwa nemuviri wekudzivirira kuti asakanganiswa nechiratidzo chekunze chemagetsi/kupindira, uye kudzivirira kupindira kwesimba remagetsi/chiratidzo kuti chisapararire kunze. Kuyedzwa kwechiratidzo che USB differential pair high frequency kunogona kuenzaniswa ne coaxial, differential pair USB4 cable iri kuuya.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-16-2022
